Succinate

ChemistryAlso known as: Succinic acidAlso known as: Butanedioic acidmmol/mol creatinine

Measures the level of succinate, an organic acid involved in energy production.

Normal Range
4 – 20 µmol/L
µmol/L
Abnormal Levels
< 0 mmol/mol creatinine
> 16 mmol/mol creatinine
Specimen Type
Blood

Why This Biomarker Matters

Elevated succinate suggests mitochondrial dysfunction or impaired cellular energy metabolism. This finding can guide targeted interventions to improve energy production and metabolic health.

Understanding Your Results

Normal Range

4 – 20 µmol/L

Optimal Ranges

Clinician-defined 4-point reference thresholds (mmol/mol creatinine)

Default Range

0
0
16
16
Low
0 mmol/mol creatinine
Borderline Low
0 mmol/mol creatinine
Optimal
16 mmol/mol creatinine
Borderline High
16 mmol/mol creatinine

Overview

Succinate is an organic acid and key player in cellular energy production (the citric acid cycle). Elevated blood succinate may indicate mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic disease, or impaired energy metabolism. This test is used in functional and metabolic medicine to assess cellular respiration and identify metabolic bottlenecks. Abnormal levels can guide dietary, supplement, or lifestyle interventions to restore energy production.

Research & Evidence

100 publications

Sort:
Succinate Dehydrogenase A-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma with Predominantly Papillary Structures: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Int J Surg Pathol · 2025
PMID: 40827068Other
Skeletal muscle morphology and metabolism in patients with heart failure compared to healthy controls: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Appl Physiol (1985) · 2026
PMID: 41665168
Priming Effects on Soil Organic Matter Mineralization by Carbon Substrates: A Global Meta-Analysis.
Glob Chang Biol · 2026
PMID: 41964211
The role and therapeutic potential of succinate and succinylation in cardiovascular diseases.
Clin Epigenetics · 2026
PMID: 41872972
Metabolic rewiring through succinate-GPR91 signaling: a fresh perspective on HFpEF energetics.
Cardiovasc Diabetol · 2026
PMID: 41872865
Enarodustat combined with oral iron supplementation for iron-deficient non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease anemia patients: Synergistic effects and safety.
Medicine (Baltimore) · 2026
PMID: 41961655
Continuous Manufacturing of Controlled-Release Metoprolol Succinate Tablets by Novel Hot-Melt Fragmentation Technology.
AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026
PMID: 41927858
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: History, Molecular Subtypes, and Risk Stratification.
J Gastric Cancer · 2026
PMID: 41942355
The metabolic profiles of cancer stem cells.
Stem Cell Res Ther · 2026
PMID: 41975495
The Induction of Succinate Dehydrogenase of "C1" Conformation and the Difference in Its Binding to Fungicides Lead to the Variation in Toxicity of SDHI Fungicides Against.
J Agric Food Chem · 2026
PMID: 41874210

Research data from MEDLINE/PubMed · 100 articles

Technical Information (LOINC Codes)

Standardized laboratory codes for this biomarker

35871-3Primary
Succinate [Moles/volume] in Serum or Plasma
umol/L
26798-9
Succinate [Presence] in Urine

Available Lab Tests

Order tests that measure this biomarker

Urinary Organic Acids

$586.08
Results in 7-14 business days